Fig. 6

A deregulated ATX-LPA axis and YAP/TAZ signaling are present at an early stage in Sgcd.^−/− mice. A Gene expression levels of ATX (Enpp2). Data are normalized to 18s (n = 4–5). A two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison post-test was used to compare genotypes of mice at each age and muscle. Values represent mean ± SEM; *p ≤ 0.05. B LPA levels in the triceps muscle (n = 4). Two-way ANOVA with Šídák multiple comparisons post-test was used to compare mice at each age. Values represent mean ± SEM; *p ≤ 0.05. C Gene expression levels of LPA receptors. Data are normalized to 18s (n = 3–5). Two-way ANOVA with Šídák multiple comparisons post-test was used to compare mice at each age and muscle. Values represent mean ± SEM; *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, and ****p ≤ 0.0001. D YAP/TAZ and GAPDH protein levels in muscle lysates analyzed by immunoblot. Quantification of protein levels normalized to GAPDH was performed by unpaired two-tailed t-test comparing genotypes of mice at each age and muscle (n = 3). Values represent mean ± SEM; *p ≤ 0.05 and **p ≤ 0.01. E Gene expression levels of YAP/TAZ readouts (Ankrd1, Ccn1, and Tagln2) in TR muscle. Data are normalized to gapdh (n = 3). An unpaired two-tailed t-test was used to compare genotypes of mice at each age. Values represent mean ± SEM; *p ≤ 0.05