Fig. 3

Molecular and cellular markers of inflammation are detected early in Sgcd^−/− mice. A Gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (Tnfa, Il1b, and Il6) and cellular markers (Ptprc, Ly6c1, and Mrc1). Data are normalized to gapdh (n = 3–5). A two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison post-test was used to compare genotypes of mice at each age and muscle. Values represent mean ± SEM; *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, and ***p ≤ 0.001. B Representative immunofluorescence images of CD11b (monocyte/MPs marker) and CD44 (T-cell marker) in TR stained with the corresponding antibody (red) and Hoechst (nuclei, blue). Scale bar: 100 μm